These markers must be fitted to vehicles over 13 metres long, large goods vehicles, and rubbish skips placed in the road. They're reflective to make them easier to see in the dark.

The cyclist in this picture appears to be trying to cross the road. Look well ahead to give yourself time to deal with any hazards.

The car arrowed A is parked on a Zigzag line. Parking here is illegal because it creates a hazard by blocking the view for pedestrians wishing to cross the road • restricts the view of the crossing for approaching traffic.

Drivers, you must give way to pedestrians on a zebra crossing. Every time you see pedestrians approaching the zebra slow down and prepare to stop.

When passing parked cars, there's a risk that a driver or passenger may not check before opening the door into the road. A defensive driver will drive slowly and be looking for people who may be about to get out of their car. poza cu usa deschisa

This sign indicates that the road will bend sharply to the left. Slow down in plenty of time. Braking hard and late, while also sharply changing direction, is likely to cause a skid.

Keep well back and give the cyclist time and room to turn safely. Don’t intimidate them by getting too close or trying to squeeze past.

You may have to pull forward slowly until you can see up and down the road. Be aware that the traffic approaching the junction can’t see you either. If you don’t know that it’s clear, don’t go.

The highest point of the bridge is in the centre, a bus or a lorry might have to move to the centre of the road to have enough room to pass safely under the bridge.

The highest point of the bridge is in the centre, a bus or a lorry might have to move to the centre of the road to have enough room to pass safely under the bridge.

The ‘stop’ sign has been put here because the view into the main road is poor. You must stop because it won't be possible to take proper observation while you're moving.

Be tolerant if a vehicle emerges and you have to brake quickly. Anyone can make a mistake, so don’t react aggressively.

As people age, their reaction time gets slower. 

It’s recommended that you take a break of at least 15 minutes after every two hours of driving or riding. This should help to maintain your concentration.

At level crossings when the red lights flash before and while the barrier is down you must stop behind the white line 

Treat the situation as an unmarked junction and be prepared to stop for any traffic.

Be patient and don't hurry them by showing your impatience. If pedestrians are standing at the side of the road, don't signal or wave them to cross. Other road users might not have seen your signal and this could lead the pedestrians into a hazardous situation.

If a vehicle emerged from the junction while you were overtaking, a dangerous situation could develop very quickly.

Large vehicles may need to move to the middle to pass safely under the bridge. There won't be enough room for you to continue, so you should be ready to stop and wait.

A convex mirror gives a wide view of the scene behind but will not cover blind spots.

Overtake on the left, as indicated. A highway maintenance truck shows you that the line will be blocked for roadwork. 

Be cautious and anticipate other mistakes don’t attempt to overtake.

Give way to buses signaling to move off at bus stops.

Be aware that the school bus might pull over at any time to allow children to get on or off. 

You might not be able to see children between parked cars and they may run out into the road without looking.

They may wobble or swerve to avoid a pothole in the road or see a potential hazard and change direction suddenly. 

 When you get angry or tense you can't control the car properly, stop in a safe place and take a break.

Humps, chicanes and narrowings are intended to slow traffic down to protect vulnerable road users.

Look for the signals at the level corssing and be prepared to stop if necessary.

To guide you into the correct lane in good time, allowing traffic to flow more freely.

If you intend to overtake, you must consider that approaching traffic could be planning the same manoeuvre.

A tractor has an amber flashing beacon which means a slowly moving vehicle that can be a hazard on the road.

STOP

A bus at a bus stop can hide pedestrians who might try to cross the road just in front of it.

There is a high risk of collision by overtaking when approaching junctions or bends.

It's known that alcohol can • affect your judgement • cause overconfidence • reduce coordination and control.

The continuous white line shows the edge of the carriageway. It can be especially useful when visibility is restricted, such as at night or in bad weather. 

The steady amber light will be followed by twin flashing red lights that mean you must stop. An alarm will also sound to alert you to the fact that a train is approaching.

Some junctions have special areas marked across the front of the traffic lane. Allow time and room to the cyclist

If you've been in a queue of traffic and are about to turn left, check your nearside for cyclists as they often filter past on the nearside.

A staggered road is a place where several roads meet the main road at a slight distance apart so that they do not all come together at the same point.

Be courteous and allow the traffic to merge into the left-hand lane.

A green arrow indicates that the lane is available to traffic facing the signal. A white diagonal arrow means that the lane is closed ahead and traffic should move to the next lane on the left. A red cross means that the lane is closed to traffic facing the signal.

Alcohol will stay in your body for several hours and may make you unfit to drive later in the day.

You've shown that you're a risk to yourself and others on the road and insurance companies may charge you a higher premium.

Drinking black coffee or waiting a few hours won't make any difference. Alcohol takes time to leave the body. A driver who has been drinking should go home by public transport or taxi. They might even be unfit to drive the following morning.

You aren't fit to drive if you're taking medicine that makes you drowsy. Check with your doctor if you're unsure.

You shouldn't drive if you're taking medicine that could cause you to feel drowsy at the wheel. Ask someone else to drive or, if that isn't possible, find another way to get home.

Driving when you're ill or taking some medicines can affect your concentration and judgement. It may also cause you to become drowsy or even fall asleep.

You'll be putting other road users at risk if you continue to drive when you're drowsy. Pull over and stop in a safe place for a rest.

If you feel yourself becoming tired or sleepy, you should leave the motorway at the next exit or services and stop for a rest.

The safest course of action is to wait until you've rested and are feeling better before starting your journey. All of your concentration should be on your driving, any pain you feel will distract you

Long-distance driving can be boring and tiring.  Make sure you take rest breaks to help you stay awake and alert. 

If you've taken medicine, never drive without first checking what the side effects might be; they might affect your judgement and perception, and therefore endanger lives.

Never reverse or turn your vehicle around in a one-way street. It's illegal and could even cause a collision. If you've taken a wrong turn, carry on along the one-way street and find another route

Looking at road maps while driving is very dangerous. If you aren’t sure of your route, stop in a safe place and check the map. You must not allow anything to take your attention away from the road while you’re driving.

White lights at the rear of a car show that the driver has selected reverse gear. Sound your horn to warn of your presence, and be ready to stop if the car reverses into your path.

You should wait until you've calmed down before starting a journey.

There are roadworks ahead the road might have narrow lines, line closure, speed limits etc

If another vehicle cuts in sharply, ease off the accelerator and drop back to allow a safe separation distance. Try not to overreact by braking sharply or swerving, as you could lose control. If vehicles behind you are too close or unprepared, it could lead to a crash.

If you need to wear glasses for driving, it's illegal to drive without them. You must be able to see clearly when you're driving.

Alcohol can increase confidence to a point where your driving behaviour might become ‘out of character’. Sensible behaviour might change to risk-taking behaviour. 

Always check the label or information leaflet for any medication you take. The medicine might affect your driving. If you aren’t sure, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

Have your eyesight tested before you start your practical training. Then, throughout your driving life, have checks periodically, as your vision may change.

If you're driving at night or in poor visibility, tinted lenses will reduce the efficiency of your vision by reducing the amount of light reaching your eyes.

Both recreational drugs and prescribed medicine can affect your concentration. It's also an offence to drive with certain drugs in your body and a positive test could lead to a conviction.

Having very poor eyesight will have a serious effect on your ability to drive safely. If you can't meet the driver's eyesight requirements, you must tell DVLA 

Hazard warning lights are an important safety feature and should be used if you've broken down and are causing an obstruction. You may also use them on motorways to warn traffic behind you of danger ahead.

You should slow right down, and stop if necessary, at any junction where your view is restricted. Edge forward until you can see properly. Only then can you decide whether it's safe to go.

‘Kick down’ selects a lower gear, enabling the vehicle to accelerate faster.

If you stay well back, you’ll • be able to see past the vehicle • be out of the spray thrown up by the lorry’s tyres • give yourself more time to stop if the need arises • increase your chances of being seen by the lorry driver.

Pedestrians walking on a road with no pavement should walk against the direction of the traffic. You can’t see around this bend and if pedestrians are in the road you need to be able to deal with the situation safely. Always keep this in mind and give yourself time to react if a hazard does appear.

Leave enough room so that you can maintain a safe separation distance, even if vehicles pull in ahead of you.

Use them when driving on a motorway to warn traffic behind you of danger ahead. You should also use them if your vehicle has broken down and is causing an obstruction.

You must be completely sure it's safe to emerge. Try to look for traffic through the windows of the parked cars or in the reflections in windows. Keep looking in all directions as you slowly edge forwards until you can see it's safe.

You must tell DVLA (or DVA in Northern Ireland) if your health is likely to affect your ability to drive. The licensing authority will investigate your situation and then make a decision on whether you're fit enough to drive safely.

If you're in queuing traffic, make sure that when you stop you leave enough space for traffic to flow in and out of the junction.

If there's no service area for several miles, leave the motorway at the next exit and find somewhere safe and legal to pull over.